Biology Project Abstract
ANALYSIS OF THE RESPONSE OF HYDRA OLIGACTIS TO EXTRACELLULAR ATP
Presenters:
Ann Hinterman, Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, 1500 W. Sullivan Road, Aurora, IL 60506; annal13@imsa.edu
Stacia Whitaker, Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, 1500 W. Sullivan Road, Aurora, IL 60506; stacia@imsa.edu
Advisor:
Vicki Burgholzer, Biology, Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, 1500 W. Sullivan Road, Aurora, IL 60506; NIU, Biology Department, DeKalb, IL 60115; 630-907-5986; vicki@imsa.edu
Abstract:
In order to provide evidence for the evolution of intercellular communication systems, we have looked at the effects of ATP on the growth patterns of a relatively simple organism, Hydra oligactis. In the course of evolution, multi-cellular organisms were selected over single-celled organisms for their efficiency in cellular differentiation. For further adaptation, cells in such organisms developed a system of communication, which would be retained throughout evolution. Newman (1973) recognized reproducible effects in the growth pattern of hydra with the exposure to a metabolite, but did not quantify his results. By recreating his conditions, we were able to measure the subsequent growth patterns. Our data suggests that a “primitive” pathway present in may form the basis for communication between its cells. For this communication to occur, we have proposed the existence of an ATP receptor in hydra. To support this claim, we have demonstrated that the effects, brought on by the introduction of extracellular ATP, no longer take place when the receptor is blocked.