SIR Earth and Space Sciences Investigation Abstract
REFRACTORY INCLUSIONS RENDER INSIGHT INTO THE FORMATION OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM
Presenter:
Charles Keaton, Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, 1500 West Sullivan Road, Aurora, IL, 60506
Mentors:
Dr. Larry Grossman, University of Chicago
Dr. Steve Simon, University of Chicago
Abstract:
4.5 Gya the volatile solar nebula with a temperature of approximately 2000K began cooling very rapidly. This event caused gaseous elements comprising the nebula to quickly condense and solidify. The sequence in which they did so is predicted by thermodynamic calculations. The aim of this research is to locate and study a small percentage of nebular condensates called refractory inclusions, which were predicted to have condensed very early in the history of the solar system. However, due to an aggregation process that simultaneously occurred, refractory inclusions are not found alone. Rather, the refractory inclusions of this study are found within the matrix of meteorites, namely very old ones called carbonaceous chondrites.
In order to study the inclusions, the sample must be dis-aggregated. Disaggregation is accomplished by employing a freeze-thaw technique, causing the sample to expand and contract, weathering it into a chondritic powder. Objects of interest (including refractory inclusions and other solids) within this powder are separated from the chondrites’ matrix using a density separation method. These objects are then recovered and studied under a Scanning Electron Micrscope (SEM).